READING IN THE EARLY CHILDHOOD
YEARS
I BACKGROUND
Objective of the preschool and the teacher
The main goal is to
provide children with the opportunity to acquire the proper tools and
disposition for becoming a future reader and to sensitize the children to
various forms of writing.
Role of the teacher
·
The teacher
needs to encourage each child to enjoy the library area,
·
To accustom
the children to books, poems, songs, charts,
posters and all forms of writing.
·
To help each
child recognize the different functions of writing.
·
To nourish
each child's imagination by stories, poems, etc.
·
Respect each
child's potential and speed.
Means and tools to achieve reading objectives
The following
activities are integrated in the classroom experiences. They contribute , in various forms to the
development of aptitudes necessary for becoming an eventual reader.
1. LANGUAGE
·
Express
oneself clearly
·
Socialize
harmoniously
Some means of achieving this objective:
Children :
·
Observe and
communicate clearly
·
Describe
pictures
·
Recount a
story related to a drawing
·
Describe in
correct sequence a past experience, a story
·
Appropriate
answers to questions
2. MOTOR
COORDINATION
·
Able to
respond to "under", "above", "around",
"in", etc.
·
Lateral
movement ( right, left)
·
Chronology
(before, after, during, now….)
·
Comparisons
(as much as, more than, less than)
Some means of achieving this objective:
·
Relate an
experience chronologically
·
Compare
constructions (legos, blocks, );
compare various objects (size, shape,
categories, numbers.
·
Mazes - Following directions and alternative routes
when playing moving games, Simon says,
placing shapes on the floor and asking the children to follow a trail, etc..
·
Move well in
space. ( with balance, not clumsily)
·
Manual and
writing readiness activities such as beading, building with small legos,
drawing, collage, cutting on a line,
color within a line, puzzles and all sorts of
manipulative toys and games.
3. VISUAL AND AUDITORY APTITUDES
·
Training the
ear to listen
·
Training the
eyes to observe
·
Training
children to remember what they see
·
Training the
eyes to "read" speedily
Some means of achieving these aptitudes
·
Recognition of
sounds, rhymes, word patterns (bat, cat,
fat, hat mat, pat, rat, sat OR lock, rock, sock OR bug, hug, mug,
rug etc..) phonemes (spin, pin, tip), assonance (vowel sounds
are alike but consonants are not necessarily alike as in: make, late, stare)
·
Music classes
·
Refine visual
perceptive skills by learning to recognize and identify colors, shapes ,
solving
puzzles.
·
Match, sort by
colors, by categories, classify (what goes with what? For example, the bird and
the nest), compare sizes, sequence (What
happened first?), identify similarities and differences.
·
Identify the
"weirdo" or intruder in a category (For example, in a category of 3
plastic
cats and 1 button, which one does not
belong here?)
·
Identify
printed words that are the same in a category.
·
Reproduce a
model or sequence (For example, 3 blue beads, followed by one red bead. Can be played with legos, unifix cubes, pegs on pegboard.
·
Play
"What's in the mystery box?"
or "Photo mystery"
(Show part of a picture and let children guess the picture (1/2 a pizza
pie, the eyes of a cat, the head of a snowman, etc.)
·
Big and little
puzzle sets, opposites puzzle sets, before and after puzzle sets.
·
Alphabet match
board.
4. THE DEVELOPMENT OF
LOGIC AND COMPREHENSION
·
Problem
solving and more classification games
"What goes with what?" games such as matching seasons to types of
clothing worn in New York; matching
tools such as paint with paint brush. Comb with hair, hat with head, apple with
apple tree, sock with shoe or foot,
toothpaste with toothbrush, etc.
·
Sequence
images or a story
·
Complete a
story or picture
5. BECOMING AWARE OF
SYMBOLS (Words have meanings)
·
Decipher a
message using signs such as a
"STOP" sign means what?"
Using
the calendar daily, labeling every area and article in the classroom
·
Decipher a
recipe
·
Using
experience charts and picture codes have children "read" a story or
decode a message.
·
Have children
illustrate their own stories.
6. BECOMING FAMILIAR
WITH THINGS WHICH ARE WRITTEN
·
Discover
books, the calendar, snack menu, cards, posters, newspapers, magazines, recipes,
cereal boxes, signs, labels, etc…..
·
Take a walk
around the class, around the school, in the neighborhood look at the various
posters , hand washing signs, Fire exit, labeled paintings and drawings, announcements, street signs, names
of stores…. Help children become aware that the printed word has meaning (a
name, a message, etc.)
·
Create an
appealing class library.
7. WHAT CAN I READ ?
Communication in the classroom:
·
Attendance
board
·
Snack menu
·
Board/Poster
of class responsibilities
·
Board/Poster
of class activities open on a particular day/week
·
Daily Schedule
of class
·
Class rules
·
Informative
posters for parents
·
Labeling of
each area and materials
Communication with families
·
Workbook on
"My life at school"
·
Song and
poetry books
·
Workbooks of
children's drawings with their own stories
·
Invitations to
class parties
·
Correspondence
and documentation regarding class events
·
Experience
charts of trips and class events.